Scalar Website
This is the online exhibition on the conflicting loyalties behind the Beaver Meadows Visitor Center at Rocky Mountain National Park. It is in a book-style format with chapters and an interactive database. Please browse through and explore the different objects that represent the negotiations between NPS and Taliesin.
Poster Photos
Eastern Exterior of Beaver Meadows Visitor Center
Photo by David Benbennick, May 2005, courtesy of WikiMedia Commons under Creative Commons license CC BY-SA 3.0. Original photo: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaver_Meadows_Visitor_Center_2.jpg
2018 - Interior of Beaver Meadows Visitor Center
Parks as Portals to Learning Photography Team, 2018. Beaver Meadows Visitor Center Interior Reshoot. [Digital Photograph].(Public Lands History Center Repeat Photography Collection, Fort Collins, CO).
1967 - Interior of Beaver Meadows Visitor Center
Photo by David Benbennick, May 2005, courtesy of WikiMedia Commons under Creative Commons license CC BY-SA 3.0. Original photo: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaver_Meadows_Visitor_Center_2.jpg
Kreuger Stackable Foldable Metal Chair from Beaver Meadows Visitor Center
Photo by Dustin Clark and Natalie Walker, 2017. Kreuger Stackable Foldable Metal Chair. [Digital Photograph].(Rocky Mountain National Park Archives, ROMO #21574).
Trash Can from Beaver Meadows Visitor Center
Photo by Dustin Clark and Natalie Walker, 2017. Trash Can. [Digital Photograph].(Rocky Mountain National Park Archives, ROMO #21447).
1967 - Southern Exterior of Beaver Meadows
National Park Service, Dedication Ceremony, June 24 1967, [Scanned Photograph], (Collection 1192, Rocky Mountain National Park Archives, Larimer County Colorado), Accessed on August 7, 2018.
2018 - Southern Exterior of Beaver Meadows
Parks as Portals to Learning Photography Team, 2018. Beaver Meadows Visitor Center Southern Exterior Reshoot. [Digital Photograph].(Public Lands History Center Repeat Photography Collection, Fort Collins, CO).
Research Citations
Mission 66 Visitor Centers: The History of a Building Type. Washington D.C.:National Parks
Service, 2000.
Allnut Funeral Service, “Dale Devine: December 31, 1925 – October 13, 2007,” Obituary http://www.allnutt.com/obituaries/Dale-Devine-35443/#!/Obituary. Accessed 29 November 2017.
Auer, James and Claudia Looze. A Partner to Genius: Olgivanna Lloyd Wright. [Alexandria, Va.]: Distributed by PBS Home Video, 1997.
Biographical Note, University of Arizona Library Manuscript Collection, http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/sludall/biography.htm. Accessed 30 November 2017.
Bradbury, Dominic. Mid-Century Modern Complete. New York: Abrams Books, 2014.
Brooks Pfeiffer, Bruce. Frank Lloyd Wright: Master Builder. New York: Universe Publishing and the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, 1997.
Buchholtz, C.W., Rocky Mountain National Park: A History. Boulder, CO: Colorado Associated University Press, 1983.
Buresh, J. “Timeless Mid-Century Modern Design.” Archives of American Art Journal, Vol. 48, No. 1-2, 2009.
Bzdek, Maren Thompson and Janet Ore.The Mission 66 Program at Rocky Mountain National Park: 1947 – 1973. Colorado State University, 2010.
Caldwell, Douglas. “Conrad Wirth,” The National Park Service: The First Seventy-Five Years - Biographical Vignettes, https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/sontag/wirth.htm. Accessed 25 November 2017.
Carr, Ethan. Mission 66: Modernism and the National Park Dilemma. Amherst, University of Massachusetts Press, 2007.
Carr, Ethan. Mission 66. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2007.
Cook, L.J. "Promiscuous Smoking: Interpreting Gender and Tobacco Use in the Archaeological Record.” Northeast Historical Archaeology, 1997.
Cox, Elbert. “Mission 66: A Program to Develop Our National Parks.” Virginia Forests. Spring 1960.
Darling, F. Fraser and Noel D. Eichhorn. Man and Nature in the National Parks. Washington D.C.: The Conservation Foundation, 1967.
Denver Public Library Archives, Charles Gordon Lee Collection, Denver, CO.
De Voto, Bernard. “Let’s Close the National Parks.” Harper’s Magazine, October Edition, 1953.
Dillion, Pat. “A Lift That’s Wright.” Madison Magazine. http://www.channel3000.com/madison-magazine/city-life/a-life-thats-wright/162412370. Accessed 29 November 2017.
Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, “About Frank Lloyd Wright,” Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, http://franklloydwright.org/frank-lloyd-wright/. Accessed 29 November 2017.
Frank Lloyd Wright Trust, “Hillside Home School, for Jane and Ellen Lloyd Jones.”https://flwright.org/researchexplore/wrightbuildings/hillsidehomeschool. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Getty Research Institute, “International Style (Modern European Architecture Style,” Art and Architecture Thesaurus. http://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=international+style&logic=AND¬=&page=1&subjectid=300021472. Accessed 29 November 2017.
“George B. Hartzog, Jr. Papers (Mss.0074),” Clemson University Libraries Special Collections, Clemson Universtiy Online, http://media.clemson.edu/library/special_collections/findingaids/manuscripts/mss074Hartzog/hartzog.html, Accessed 29 November 2017.
Gross, Rebecca L. “See, Experience, and Enjoy: Visuality and the Tourist Experience in the National Parks, 1864-1966.” Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of History of the Decorative Arts and Design, Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution, and Parsons The New School for Design, 2014.
Heimann, R. Tobacco and Americans. New York: McGraw Hill, 1960.
History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives, “Aspinall, Wayne Norviel,” http://history.house.gov/People/Detail/8577. Accessed 2 December 2017.
Levine, Neil in Ezra Stoller. Frank Lloyd Wright’s Taliesin West. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1996.
Louter, David. Windshield Wilderness. Cars, Roads, and Nature in Washington's National Parks. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2006.
Monroe, Jonathan Searle. “Architecture in the National Parks: Cecil Doty and Mission 66.” Master’s thesis, University of Washington, 1986.
Musselman, Lloyd K. Rocky Mountain National Park, Administrative History, 1915 - 1965. Department of the Interior: National Park Service, 1971.
National Park Service. “Brief Park History.” US Department of the Interior. https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/historyculture/historic_buildings.htm, 2015. Accessed 29 November 2017.
National Park Service. “History of Trail Ridge Road.” US Department of the Interior. https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/historyculture/trail_ridge_road_history.htm, 2015. Accessed 29 November 2017.
National Park Service. “Mission 66 for the National Park Service.” US Department of the Interior. 1956.
National Park Service. “Monthly Public Use Report.” US Department of the Interior. https://irma.nps.gov/Stats/SSRSReports/Park%20Specific%20Reports/Monthly%20Public%20Use?Park=ROMO. Accessed 29 November 2017.
National Park Service. “Historic Buildings in Rocky.” US Department of the Interior. https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/historyculture/historic_buildings.htm, 2015. Accessed 29 November 2017.
National Park Service. “Enos Mills.” National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/bestideapeople/mills.html. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Noll, William N. “Mission 66: The National Park Service Program for the Revitalization of America’s National Parks, 1955-1966.” Master’s thesis, Kansas State University, 1997.
Norman, Don. The Design of Everyday Things. Basic Books, New York, 2013.
Pevsner, Nikolaus, ed. A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. Fleming, John; Honour, Hugh, 5th. London: Penguin Books, 1999.
Pixel Grade Team. “Enos Mills Father of Rocky Mtn National Park.” Colorado Virtual Library. https://www.coloradovirtuallibrary.org/digital-colorado/colorado-histories/boom-years/enos-mills-father-of-rocky-mountain-national-park/. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Rocky Mountain National Park Archives, Beaver Meadows Visitor Center, Estes Park, CO.
Schudel, Matt. “Obituaries: George B. Hartzog, Jr.; Expanded Nation’s National Park System.” Washington Post Online (July 6, 2008), http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/05/AR2008070501577.html. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Schulte, Steven C. "Wayne Aspinall," Colorado Encyclopedia, last modified August 31, 2017, http://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/wayne-aspinall. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Southern Aluminum Finishing. “Metals Distribution, Finishing and Fabrication.” https://www.saf.com/how-to-specify/aluminum-sheet-anodizing-integral-color-duranodic/. Accessed 1 December 2017.
The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, “Taliesin West.” http://franklloydwright.org/taliesin-west/. Accessed 1 December 2017.
The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, “The Life of Frank Lloyd Wright.” http://franklloydwright.org/frank-lloyd-wright/. Accessed 1 December 2017.
United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. “National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form, Taliesin West,” https://npgallery.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NHLS/Text/74000457.pdf. Accessed 1 December 2017.
Many Thanks
To the people who researched and helped us complete this research in Rocky Mountain National Park, including: Kelly Cahill, Dr. Ann Little, and Dr. Jared Orsi.
To our team of graduate students for the Scalar project, including: Hannah Ashley, Dustin Clark, Rose Gorrell, Elizabeth Henke, Jordan Kearschner, Bennett Lee, Jillian Lobner, Katie Oldberg, Joe Sarr, Katherine Sinsky, Ray Sumner, and Natalie Walker.
To our Parks as Portals to Learning (PPL) research group who did repeat photography in Rocky Mountain National Park, including: Kylee Cole, Daniel Gilbert, Amy Hootman, Alexandria Kearney, Kurt Knierim, Dillon Maxwell, Andy Olson, Joe Sarr, and Ariel Schnee.